JOLTS: Openings Structurally Higher, Quits Fall

Bottom Line: The Job Openings Layoffs and Turnover Survey showed higher-than-expected job openings in April. But importantly, the quit rate continued lower, suggesting employees are less confident that the labor market is so tight they can quickly get a new job if they leave their current job. Openings rose the most in education and healthcare, with solid gains in the trade and transportation sector, as well. Lagged relative to most labor reports and our nowcast forecasts, the JOLTS survey is helpful in its detail and has often been cited by Fed officials in recent years. The quit rate has been a particular focus of Fed Chair Powell. While the increase in openings is a concern, potentially suggesting that the labor market tightened in April, the quit rate likely offers more insight than the level of openings. Job openings are cheap to advertise, with many employers leaving advertisements on digital platforms out even though they have little intention of filling the role unless the perfect candidate comes along. Thus, openings are structurally higher in this cycle (and probably much longer) relative to total employment. Overall, the details of the JOLTs report, especially the quit rate, suggest the historically tight labor market continues to slacken slowly.

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Job Openings, Layoffs & Turnover Survey - Key Rates	Apr-23	Mar-23	3m. avg.	6m. avg.	12m. avg.	2022	5y
Hires Rate Total	3.9	3.9	3.9	4.0	4.1	4.2	4.1
Job Openings Rate Total	6.1	5.9	6.0	6.3	6.5	6.8	5.4
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Total	1.0	1.2	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.3
Other Separations Rate Total	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Total	2.4	2.5	2.5	2.6	2.6	2.8	2.4
Total Separations Rate Total	3.7	3.9	3.8	3.8	3.9	4.0	4.0
Unemployed Per Opening Rate Total	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.5	0.5	1.0
Hires Rate Total private	4.3	4.3	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.6	4.5
Job Openings Rate Total private	6.4	6.2	6.3	6.6	6.8	7.2	5.7
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Total private	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.1	1.5
Other Separations Rate Total private	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Total private	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.9	3.1	2.7
Total Separations Rate Total private	4.0	4.2	4.1	4.2	4.2	4.3	4.4
Hires Rate Mining & logging	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.6
Job Openings Rate Mining & logging	4.6	4.6	5.0	5.4	5.2	5.5	4.0
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Mining & logging	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.9	0.9	0.8	1.6
Other Separations Rate Mining & logging	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Mining & logging	1.5	2.3	2.2	2.2	2.2	2.1	2.0
Total Separations Rate Mining & logging	2.9	3.7	3.6	3.4	3.3	3.1	3.8
Hires Rate Construction	4.5	4.9	4.7	4.7	4.7	4.7	5.2
Job Openings Rate Construction	4.6	3.8	4.4	4.5	4.6	4.9	4.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Construction	2.4	3.8	2.8	2.4	2.2	1.9	2.6
Other Separations Rate Construction	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Construction	2.1	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.2	2.4	2.2
Total Separations Rate Construction	4.7	5.8	5.0	4.6	4.6	4.5	5.0
Hires Rate Manufacturing	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.6	3.2
Job Openings Rate Manufacturing	4.9	5.1	5.1	5.4	5.7	6.2	4.6
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Manufacturing	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.8	1.1
Other Separations Rate Manufacturing	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Manufacturing	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.3	1.9
Total Separations Rate Manufacturing	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.2
Hires Rate Durable goods	2.6	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.9	3.2	2.9
Job Openings Rate Durable goods	4.5	5.0	5.0	5.4	5.7	6.2	4.4
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Durable goods	0.8	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	1.0
Other Separations Rate Durable goods	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Durable goods	1.5	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.8	2.0	1.7
Total Separations Rate Durable goods	2.4	2.8	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.9	2.8
Hires Rate Nondurable goods	3.7	3.2	3.7	3.7	4.0	4.3	3.8
Job Openings Rate Nondurable goods	5.7	5.4	5.3	5.4	5.7	6.2	4.9
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Nondurable goods	1.2	1.1	1.2	1.1	1.1	1.0	1.2
Other Separations Rate Nondurable goods	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Nondurable goods	2.6	2.3	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.9	2.3
Total Separations Rate Nondurable goods	3.9	3.5	3.8	3.8	3.9	4.1	3.7
Hires Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	4.3	4.1	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.6	4.5
Job Openings Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	5.8	4.7	5.3	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	1.1	1.0	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.3
Other Separations Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	3.1	3.0	3.1	3.2	3.1	3.3	2.9
Total Separations Rate Trade, trans., & utilities	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.5
Hires Rate Wholesale trade	2.9	2.5	2.9	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.8
Job Openings Rate Wholesale trade	4.1	4.7	4.5	4.3	4.5	4.8	4.0
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Wholesale trade	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.9	0.8	0.9
Other Separations Rate Wholesale trade	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Wholesale trade	2.2	1.7	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7
Total Separations Rate Wholesale trade	3.0	2.6	2.9	2.8	2.8	2.7	2.7
Hires Rate Retail trade	4.6	4.5	4.6	4.7	4.8	5.0	5.2
Job Openings Rate Retail trade	5.7	4.5	5.0	5.3	5.4	5.9	5.3
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Retail trade	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.4
Other Separations Rate Retail trade	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2
Quits Rate Retail trade	3.5	3.6	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.9	3.6
Total Separations Rate Retail trade	4.9	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.8	4.9	5.2
Hires Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	4.8	4.7	4.7	4.9	4.9	4.9	4.6
Job Openings Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	7.1	5.3	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.6	5.8
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.4	1.2	1.5
Other Separations Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	3.0	2.9	2.9	3.2	3.1	3.1	2.5
Total Separations Rate Trans., warehousing, & utilities	4.6	4.6	4.6	4.9	4.7	4.5	4.3
Hires Rate Information	2.6	3.8	3.2	3.2	3.3	3.5	3.4
Job Openings Rate Information	5.3	5.5	5.3	5.0	6.0	6.9	5.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Information	0.5	1.6	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.4
Other Separations Rate Information	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Information	1.6	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.6	1.6	1.6
Total Separations Rate Information	2.3	3.1	2.9	3.1	3.1	3.1	3.2
Hires Rate Financial activities	2.5	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.6	2.5
Job Openings Rate Financial activities	5.3	5.0	5.0	5.4	5.7	5.9	4.6
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Financial activities	0.5	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7
Other Separations Rate Financial activities	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate Financial activities	1.6	1.4	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.7	1.5
Total Separations Rate Financial activities	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.4
Hires Rate Finance and insurance	2.2	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.1	2.4	2.2
Job Openings Rate Finance and insurance	5.8	5.0	5.2	5.4	5.5	5.6	4.5
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Finance and insurance	0.5	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.5
Other Separations Rate Finance and insurance	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate Finance and insurance	1.3	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.3
Total Separations Rate Finance and insurance	1.9	1.8	1.8	2.0	2.1	2.3	2.1
Hires Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	3.4	3.0	3.4	3.5	3.4	3.4	3.5
Job Openings Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	4.0	5.1	4.7	5.3	6.0	6.4	4.7
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	0.7	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.8	0.7	1.2
Other Separations Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	2.3	2.1	2.2	2.1	2.1	2.2	1.9
Total Separations Rate Real estate & rental & leasing	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.3
Hires Rate Prof. & business serv.	5.5	5.1	5.2	5.1	5.3	5.6	5.5
Job Openings Rate Prof. & business serv.	7.1	7.3	7.3	7.9	8.1	8.7	6.8
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Prof. & business serv.	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.6	2.0
Other Separations Rate Prof. & business serv.	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate Prof. & business serv.	2.7	2.9	2.8	2.8	3.1	3.4	3.1
Total Separations Rate Prof. & business serv.	4.8	5.0	4.8	4.9	5.0	5.3	5.4
Hires Rate Education & health serv.	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.3
Job Openings Rate Education & health serv.	7.7	7.2	7.3	7.5	7.8	8.1	6.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Education & health serv.	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.8
Other Separations Rate Education & health serv.	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Education & health serv.	2.3	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.4	2.2
Total Separations Rate Education & health serv.	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.2
Hires Rate Educational serv.	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.7	2.7
Job Openings Rate Educational serv.	4.6	5.1	4.7	4.5	4.5	4.4	3.7
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Educational serv.	0.5	0.8	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7	1.1
Other Separations Rate Educational serv.	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.1
Quits Rate Educational serv.	1.5	1.6	1.5	1.4	1.5	1.6	1.4
Total Separations Rate Educational serv.	2.1	2.5	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.6
Hires Rate Health care & social assistance	3.6	3.7	3.6	3.7	3.7	3.7	3.4
Job Openings Rate Health care & social assistance	8.2	7.5	7.7	8.0	8.4	8.8	6.6
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Health care & social assistance	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.8
Other Separations Rate Health care & social assistance	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Health care & social assistance	2.4	2.7	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.6	2.3
Total Separations Rate Health care & social assistance	3.2	3.5	3.3	3.4	3.3	3.3	3.3
Hires Rate Leisure & hospitality	6.6	6.6	6.8	7.0	7.2	7.4	7.7
Job Openings Rate Leisure & hospitality	7.7	8.1	7.9	8.6	8.7	9.2	7.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Leisure & hospitality	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.3	2.6
Other Separations Rate Leisure & hospitality	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Quits Rate Leisure & hospitality	4.6	4.5	4.9	5.0	5.2	5.4	4.8
Total Separations Rate Leisure & hospitality	5.8	6.4	6.3	6.4	6.6	6.9	7.6
Hires Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	7.0	7.0	7.3	7.0	7.0	7.1	7.5
Job Openings Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	8.9	9.1	8.7	7.8	7.5	7.2	6.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	2.6	3.9	3.2	2.8	3.0	3.1	4.2
Other Separations Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
Quits Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	3.3	2.8	3.1	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.2
Total Separations Rate Arts, entertainment, & recreation	6.0	6.8	6.4	6.1	6.3	6.4	7.5
Hires Rate Accommodation & food serv.	6.6	6.5	6.7	7.0	7.2	7.5	7.7
Job Openings Rate Accommodation & food serv.	7.5	8.0	7.8	8.8	8.9	9.5	7.4
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Accommodation & food serv.	0.9	1.3	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0	2.3
Other Separations Rate Accommodation & food serv.	0.0	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Accommodation & food serv.	4.8	4.8	5.2	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.1
Total Separations Rate Accommodation & food serv.	5.7	6.3	6.3	6.4	6.7	7.0	7.6
Hires Rate Other serv.	3.3	4.1	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.9	4.1
Job Openings Rate Other serv.	6.0	5.9	5.9	5.6	5.7	6.1	5.1
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Other serv.	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.7
Other Separations Rate Other serv.	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate Other serv.	2.2	2.3	2.2	2.3	2.4	2.5	2.2
Total Separations Rate Other serv.	3.3	3.6	3.4	3.4	3.6	3.7	4.1
Hires Rate Government	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.8	1.7
Job Openings Rate Government	4.1	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.5	3.6
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Government	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other Separations Rate Government	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate Government	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.9	1.0	1.0	0.9
Total Separations Rate Government	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.7
Hires Rate Federal	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6
Job Openings Rate Federal	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.7	4.7	4.6	4.2
Layoffs & Discharges Rate Federal	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.2	0.5
Other Separations Rate Federal	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.4
Quits Rate Federal	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7
Total Separations Rate Federal	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.6
Hires Rate State & local	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.7
Job Openings Rate State & local	4.1	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.5	3.5
Layoffs & Discharges Rate State & local	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other Separations Rate State & local	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate State & local	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.9
Total Separations Rate State & local	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.7
Hires Rate State & local education	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.6
Job Openings Rate State & local education	2.8	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.0	3.1	2.5
Layoffs & Discharges Rate State & local education	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.4
Other Separations Rate State & local education	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Quits Rate State & local education	1.0	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.0	1.1	0.9
Total Separations Rate State & local education	1.6	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.6	1.6
Hires Rate State & local, excluding education	1.7	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.0	2.0	1.7
Job Openings Rate State & local, excluding education	5.5	5.9	5.7	5.9	5.9	6.0	4.6
Layoffs & Discharges Rate State & local, excluding education	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5
Other Separations Rate State & local, excluding education	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Quits Rate State & local, excluding education	0.8	1.0	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.1	0.9
Total Separations Rate State & local, excluding education	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.7

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Job Openings Level Total	Apr-23	Mar-23	3m. avg.	6m. avg.	12m. avg.	2022	5y
Job Openings Level Total	10103.0	9745.0	9940.7	10394.2	10639.3	11179.8	8581.0
Job Openings Level Total private	9140.0	8710.0	8936.3	9357.0	9605.7	10134.6	7746.8
Job Openings Level Mining & logging	31.0	30.0	33.3	36.2	34.2	35.4	26.9
Job Openings Level Construction	383.0	315.0	367.3	370.2	379.8	401.8	327.9
Job Openings Level Manufacturing	676.0	702.0	695.0	740.5	783.0	853.2	614.8
Job Openings Level Durable goods	382.0	422.0	421.0	460.2	485.8	529.8	367.7
Job Openings Level Nondurable goods	294.0	281.0	274.3	280.5	297.2	323.4	247.1
Job Openings Level Trade, trans., & utilities	1765.0	1436.0	1624.0	1667.2	1685.7	1781.8	1516.2
Job Openings Level Wholesale trade	261.0	296.0	282.7	271.7	286.0	298.4	241.1
Job Openings Level Retail trade	942.0	733.0	825.3	865.5	879.6	969.2	865.4
Job Openings Level Trans., warehousing, & utilities	561.0	407.0	515.7	529.8	519.9	514.1	409.7
Job Openings Level Information	174.0	181.0	174.7	163.5	197.6	227.5	160.8
Job Openings Level Financial activities	513.0	479.0	484.3	515.0	544.8	560.8	422.1
Job Openings Level Finance and insurance	412.0	349.0	364.0	379.8	392.0	399.5	308.8
Job Openings Level Real estate & rental & leasing	102.0	130.0	120.7	135.3	152.9	161.4	113.2
Job Openings Level Prof. & business serv.	1748.0	1805.0	1801.7	1952.3	2001.3	2136.3	1591.3
Job Openings Level Education & health serv.	2097.0	1932.0	1967.7	2010.5	2088.8	2161.0	1590.4
Job Openings Level Educational serv.	189.0	210.0	194.3	183.7	180.2	176.7	140.3
Job Openings Level Health care & social assistance	1907.0	1722.0	1773.0	1826.7	1908.5	1984.3	1450.1
Job Openings Level Leisure & hospitality	1377.0	1463.0	1422.7	1557.3	1543.0	1606.2	1193.6
Job Openings Level Arts, entertainment, & recreation	237.0	243.0	232.7	205.0	192.2	179.9	144.6
Job Openings Level Accommodation & food serv.	1140.0	1220.0	1190.0	1352.3	1350.8	1426.2	1049.0
Job Openings Level Other serv.	376.0	367.0	365.3	344.3	347.4	370.1	302.8
Job Openings Level Government	963.0	1034.0	1004.0	1037.2	1033.8	1045.3	834.4
Job Openings Level Federal	130.0	133.0	134.3	144.3	143.7	140.2	127.6
Job Openings Level State & local	833.0	902.0	870.3	893.2	890.1	904.8	706.7
Job Openings Level State & local education	298.0	321.0	316.7	322.3	320.9	327.7	262.6
Job Openings Level State & local, excluding education	535.0	580.0	553.3	570.7	569.2	577.3	444.2

source: Bureau of Labor Statistics API
JOLTS - Hiring	Apr-23	Mar-23	3m. avg.	6m. avg.	12m. avg.	2022	5y
Hires Level Total	6115.0	6066.0	6110.3	6193.7	6280.2	6429.2	6113.0
Hires Level Total private	5739.0	5671.0	5721.3	5785.8	5875.4	6022.9	5740.3
Hires Level Mining & logging	24.0	24.0	24.7	24.3	24.1	23.2	23.5
Hires Level Construction	356.0	383.0	368.7	368.3	368.2	367.5	388.8
Hires Level Manufacturing	387.0	373.0	392.0	401.3	425.0	458.8	404.8
Hires Level Durable goods	208.0	216.0	213.7	219.3	231.6	251.2	225.5
Hires Level Nondurable goods	179.0	156.0	178.0	182.0	193.5	207.7	179.3
Hires Level Trade, trans., & utilities	1241.0	1195.0	1233.0	1262.7	1279.7	1305.8	1255.8
Hires Level Wholesale trade	174.0	149.0	172.3	173.8	177.0	181.2	163.4
Hires Level Retail trade	716.0	701.0	715.0	733.7	747.1	774.9	789.0
Hires Level Trans., warehousing, & utilities	351.0	345.0	345.7	355.2	355.8	349.8	303.4
Hires Level Information	80.0	117.0	97.3	97.7	102.2	107.2	96.9
Hires Level Financial activities	229.0	198.0	212.7	218.8	224.8	238.9	224.8
Hires Level Finance and insurance	147.0	127.0	130.7	135.0	143.4	158.8	145.2
Hires Level Real estate & rental & leasing	82.0	71.0	82.0	84.0	81.6	80.2	79.5
Hires Level Prof. & business serv.	1261.0	1169.0	1181.3	1170.0	1203.0	1260.1	1188.5
Hires Level Education & health serv.	869.0	883.0	871.7	880.7	866.5	857.8	783.7
Hires Level Educational serv.	101.0	100.0	101.7	100.0	101.6	103.8	99.7
Hires Level Health care & social assistance	769.0	783.0	770.3	780.8	764.9	753.8	684.0
Hires Level Leisure & hospitality	1096.0	1089.0	1122.3	1143.2	1159.7	1177.9	1144.4
Hires Level Arts, entertainment, & recreation	170.0	170.0	177.7	169.2	166.1	163.0	162.4
Hires Level Accommodation & food serv.	925.0	919.0	944.0	973.8	993.8	1015.2	982.1
Hires Level Other serv.	195.0	239.0	217.3	218.8	222.2	225.6	229.0
Hires Level Government	376.0	395.0	389.0	407.8	404.8	406.2	372.7
Hires Level Federal	43.0	47.0	46.0	43.7	43.1	42.2	47.8
Hires Level State & local	333.0	348.0	343.0	364.2	361.8	364.1	325.0
Hires Level State & local education	173.0	170.0	172.3	180.2	178.8	179.1	166.2
Hires Level State & local, excluding education	160.0	178.0	170.3	183.8	182.7	184.8	158.8

JOLTS: Openings Structurally Higher, Quits Fall

Jobless Claims: Surprise Decline

Jobless Claims: Hold Near Cycle Highs

US Economics: Robust But Still Cooling